Create main page
Let us write main page JSP file index.jsp, which will be used to collect Employee related information mentioned above.
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Employee Form</title> </head> <body> <s:form action="empinfo" method="post"> <s:textfield name="name" label="Name" size="20" /> <s:textfield name="age" label="Age" size="20" /> <s:submit name="submit" label="Submit" align="center" /> </s:form> </body> </html>
The index.jsp makes use of Struts tag, which we have not covered yet but we will study them in tags related chapters. But for now, just assume that the s:textfield tag prints a input field, and the s:submit prints a submit button. We have used label property for each tag which creates label for each tag.
Create Views
We will use JSP file success.jsp which will be invoked in case defined action returns SUCCESS.
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Success</title> </head> <body> Employee Information is captured successfully. </body> </html>
Create Action
So let us define a small action class Employee, and then add a method calledvalidate() as shown below in Employee.java file. Make sure that your action class extends the ActionSupport class, otherwise your validate method will not be executed.
package com.tutorialspoint.struts2; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class Employee extends ActionSupport{ private String name; private int age; public String execute() { return SUCCESS; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public void validate() { if (name == null || name.trim().equals("")) { addFieldError("name","The name is required"); } if (age < 28 || age > 65) { addFieldError("age","Age must be in between 28 and 65"); } } }
As shown in the above example, the validation method checks whether the 'Name' field has a value or not. If no value has been supplied, we add a field error for the 'Name' field with a custom error message. Secondly, we check if entered value for 'Age' field is in between 28 and 65 or not, if this condition does not meet we add an error above the validated field.
Configuration Files
Finally, let us put everything together using the struts.xml configuration file as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <package name="helloworld" extends="struts-default"> <action name="empinfo" class="com.tutorialspoint.struts2.Employee" method="execute"> <result name="input">/index.jsp</result> <result name="success">/success.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
Following is the content of web.xml file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>Struts 2</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
